This ontology extends the SAREF ontology for the automotive domain. This work has been developed in the context of the STF 566, which was established with the goal to create four SAREF extensions, one of them for the automotive domain.
SAREF extension for automotive
A spatial representation for a given feature.
The relation between something and the point, or other geometrical thing in space, where it is. For example, the realtionship between a radio tower and a Point with a given lat and long. Or a relationship between a park and its outline as a closed arc of points, or a road and its location as a arc (a sequence of points). Clearly in practice there will be limit to the accuracy of any such statement, but one would expect an accuracy appropriate for the size of the object and uses such as mapping .
makesMeasurement
measurementMadeBy
A relation that defines the destination of an automotive object. For example, in aplatoon, the current platoon leader defines the platoon destination. Following vehicles will share (partially) the route of the leader and can, therefore, have different final destinations.
A relation to express that, during the forming state, a vehicle member of a platoon is given an estimated rendezvous location for joining
relation between an entity and its identifier
hasIdentifier
hasMember
The role the vehicle plays in traffic. Possible values are: publicTransport, specialTransport, dangerousGoods, roadWork, rescue, emergency, safetyCar, agriculture, commercial, military, roadOperator, taxi.
hasRole
An hasState relation to connect to a certain state. The saref:hasState property could not be reused because it has domain saref:Device and a s4auto:Platoon or s4auto:Vehicle are not devices. Therefore, a new s4auto:hasState property with subroperties has been created.
isMemberOf
The WGS84 altitude of a SpatialThing (decimal meters above the local reference ellipsoid).
The WGS84 latitude of a SpatialThing (decimal degrees).
The WGS84 longitude of a SpatialThing (decimal degrees).
Position of an instant, expressed using xsd:dateTimeStamp
A relation to express that, during the forming state, a vehicle member of a platoon is given an estimated time for joining
The masx size a platoon a certain platoon can have. Nore that it is defined as a datatype property as this is a fixed/static value of the platoon that does not change over time. In contrast, the current size of the platoon is actually a measurement that may change over time and it is therefore defined as an object property.
This class represents the top-level feature type. This class is equivalent to GFI_Feature defined in ISO 19156:2011, and it is superclass of all feature types.
Feature
The class represents the top-level geometry type. This class is equivalent to the UML class GM_Object defined in ISO 19107, and it is superclass of all geometry types.
Geometry
The class spatial-object represents everything that can have a spatial representation. It is superclass of feature and geometry.
SpatialObject
A point, typically described using a coordinate system relative to Earth, such as WGS84.
Uniquely identified by lat/long/alt. i.e. spaciallyIntersects(P1, P2) :- lat(P1, LAT), long(P1, LONG), alt(P1, ALT), lat(P2, LAT), long(P2, LONG), alt(P2, ALT). sameThing(P1, P2) :- type(P1, Point), type(P2, Point), spaciallyIntersects(P1, P2).
Point
Anything with spatial extent, i.e. size, shape, or position. e.g. people, places, bowling balls, as well as abstract areas like cubes.
Spatial Thing
A temporal entity with zero extent or duration
Instant
A temporal entity with an extent or duration
Interval
TemporaryEntity
Actuator
Device
FeatureOfInterest
Measurement
Property
Sensor
State
UnitOfMeasure
The absolute poistion of an automotive object in terms of lat, long and lat
AbsolutePosition
A type of speed
AbsoluteSpeed
A Property of interest for the automotive domain
Acceleration
absolute accuracy of a reported vehicle acceleration value with a predefined confidence level (e.g. 95 %)
AccelerationConfidence
A class to define common information related to an address.
Address
A type of heading
AngularDirection
The level of automation a platoon of vehicles or a singular vehicle
AutomationLevel
The main objects of interest in the automotive domain.
AutomotiveObject
BrakeCapacity
A type of public transport
Bus
A type of vehicle
Car
Every measurement in the automotive domain is an estimated measurement coming from the aggregation of several mesurements from different sensor or devices taken at the same time or at consecutive times very close to each other. Therefore, a confidence is always associated to each mesurement to indicate that it has not 100% accuracy.
Confidence
critical objects are small object, medium object, large object
CriticalObject
A type pf parking spot
ElectricChargingParkingSpot
An electronic control unit (ECU) is any embedded system in automotive electronics that monitors and controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a vehicle.
ElectronicControlUnit
The final destination of a vehicle or a platoon, or the final point of a route
EndPoint
Heading
A type of truck
HeavyTruck
Height
A class used to identify 1) a vehicle (station) during data exchange with other devices/stations 2) a platoon during data exchange with other devices/stations, 3) a parking spot within a parking area during data exchange with other devices/stations. In all cases, this identifier may be a pseudonym. It may change over space and/or over time.
Identifier
A type of Critical Object
Large Object
A type of acceleration
Lateral Acceleration
Length
LightTruck
LongitudinalAcceleration
Medium Object
A Property of interest for the automotive domain. Relevant types of movement are: Static (position only), moving in same direction (speed, acceleration), moving in reverse direction (speed acceleration), crossing (speed, acceleration, direction)
Movement
The relevant types of events are trafficCondition, accident, roadworks, impassability, adverseWeatherCondition-Adhesion, aquaplannning, hazardousLocation-SurfaceCondition, hazardousLocation-ObstacleOnTheRoad, hazardousLocation-AnimalOnTheRoad, humanPresenceOnTheRoad, wrongWayDriving, rescueAndRecoveryWorkInProgress, adverseWeatherCondition-ExtremeWeatherCondition, adverseWeatherCondition-Visibility, adverseWeatherCondition-Precipitation, slowVehicle, dangerousEndOfQueue, vehicleBreakdown, postCrash, humanProblem, stationaryVehicle, emergencyVehicleApproaching, hazardousLocation-DangerousCurve, collisionRisk, signalViolation, dangerousSituation
NotifiedEvent
for example: adult, child, elderly person, pram, animal, blind person guided by a dog, rider off its bike
for example: user of bicycle, wheelchair, skater, scooter, Segway, or a mounted horse rider
Motorcyclists, which are equipped with engines that allow them to move on the road. It includes users (driver and passengers, e.g. children and animals) of Powered Two Wheelers (PTW) such as mopeds (motorized scooters), motorcycles or side-cars.
animals presenting a safety risk to other road users, for example s4auto: dogs, wild animals, horses, cows, sheep, kangaroos, etc.
A location that is designated for parking. A parking spot has a geometry defining the parking area boundaries and its centre point
ParkingSpot
the position of aparking spot (its centre point) in terms of lat, long and alt
ParkingSpotPoint
A parking spot has a state. Possible values for parking spot state are Free, occupied, reserved, closed, charging
ParkingSpotState
A vehicle can be found at different states (or parking phases) during parking . Possible values for parking state (or parking phase) of a vehicle are: At drop-off spot, at pick-up spot, driving to parking spot, driving to pick up spot, parking, parked, charging.
ParkingVehicleState
A type of car
PassengerCar
PersonalDevice
A group of vehicles automatically following each other at a relatively close distance
Platoon
A level of automation is defined for a vehicle that it is platooning. For example, in the ENSEMBLE project there are three levels of platoon automation defined: Level A, Level B, Level C. Level C represents the highest level of automation for platooning in terms of longitudinal and lateral control, shortest time gap supported, wider range of situations handled and support for merging of entire platoons.
PlatoonAutomationLevel
A vehicle member of a platoon has a platoon position that is defined as the index of the vehicle in the platoon starting from zero (leader) up to N (trailing vehicle).
PlatoonPosition
In platoon a vehicle can assume roles such as: unknown, leader, follower, ready-for-leading, trailing, etc.
PlatoonRole
Examples of states for a platoon are: unknown, standalone, assembling, platooning, disengaging, etc.
PlatoonState
Examples of states for a vehicle in a platoon are: unknown, standalone, engaging, platooning, disengaging, searching, forming.
PlatoonVehicleState
A geo point in SAREF4AUTO
The position of an entity in the automotive domain
Position
horizontal position accuracy in a shape of ellipse with a predefined confidence level (e.g. 95 %). The centre of the ellipse shape corresponds to the reference position point for which the position accuracy is evaluated
PositionConfidenceEllipse
PublicTransport
RegularParkingSpot
It represents the relative position of a vehicle (e.g., a car is x,y,z in front of another car)
RelativePosition
RelativeSpeed
It is the estimated location where the vehicle member joins the platoon. It is expressed in global coordinates (lat, long, alt), e.g. according to WGS 84.
RendezvousLocation
Entity present on the road in the neighbouring area of a vehicle
RoadEntity
Road side sensors measure properties (such as speed, position, dimension, direction, etc.) of road objects. Types of relevant road objects are Pedestrian, vehicles, obstacles, traffic signs, etc.
RoadObject
Devices deployed along the road that produce signals based on road side sensor data measurements. Types of road side actuators that are relevant are devices such as traffic light controllers changing from red to green based on detected vehicles.
RoadSideActuator
RoadSideEquipment
Sensors such as cameras, radars that are deployed along the road (e.g. at intersections and at poles along a highway)
RoadSideSensor
Road Topology Position
The role that can be assumed by a vehicle or a platoon
Role
The route of a vehicle or of a platoon. The route of a platoon is defined as the route of the current vehicle leader in the platoon that other follower vehicles (partially) share
Route
The intermediate points in a route
RoutePoint
A Property of interest for the automotive domain. Overall shape of an entity: Sphere, Torus, Cylinder, Cone, Ellipsoid, Cube, Cuboid, Pyramid, Prism, Multiple shapes
Shape
A Property of interest for the automotive domain. A platoon has a size. Tis size is defined as 1) the total number of vehicles currently in the platoon; or 2) Length of the platoon (sum of all vehicles' length + inter-vehicle distance)
Size
Small Object
A type pf parking spot. Parking spot reserved for special permits (authorities, disabled, blue Zone, resident ...)
SpecialPermitParkingSpot
Speed
absolute accuracy of a speed value in cm/s
SpeedConfidence
The starting point of a route
StartPoint
A class dedicated to describe the relevant states in the automotive domain
A type of identifier for vehicles and platoons, as defined in ETSI TS 102 894-2.
StationID
A device that automatically operates coloured lights, typically red, amber, and green, for controlling traffic at road junctions, pedestrian crossings, and roundabouts.
TrafficLight
TrafficManagementCentre
Truck
TwoWheeler
A type of identifier for vehicles and platoons
UUID
A vehicle is the main object of interest in the automotive domain. Example of types of vehicles are car, truck, public transport and two wheeler. See ETSI TS 102 894-2 spec for full list of vehicles, which are type of "stations". See also the SENSORIS data model for possible type of vehicles.
Vehicle
According to SAE J3016, there are five levels of automation for a vehicle: - Level 0: No Driving Automation. - Level 1: Driver assistance. - Level 2: Partial driving automation. - Level 3: Conditional driving automation. - Level 4: High driving automation. - Level 5: Full Driving automation.
VehicleAutomationLevel
The vehicle environment is made of entities which are present on the road in the area around the vehicle
VehicleEnvironment
The role the vehicle plays in traffic. If not specified, it is assumed that it takes a default value. Otherwise, possible values to be specified are: publicTransport, specialTransport, dangerousGoods, roadWork, rescue, emergency, safetyCar, agriculture, commercial, military, roadOperator, taxi.
VehicleRole
Non-motorized road users as well as users of VRU vehicles (L class of vehicles, for example mopeds or motorcycles, etc.) participating to the road traffic
VulnerableRoadUser
Weight
Width
YawRate
System
agriculture
specialTransport
commercial
dangerousGoods
emergency
military
publicTransport
rescue
roadOperator
roadWork
safetyCar
taxi