The present document has been developed in the context of the STF 534, an ETSI specialists task force that was established with the goal to extend SAREF [[1]](#[1]) for the domains of Smart Cities, Smart Industry & Manufacturing, and Smart AgriFood ([https://portal.etsi.org/STF/stfs/STFHomePages/STF534](https://portal.etsi.org/STF/stfs/STFHomePages/STF534)). In particular, the present document is a technical specification of SAREF4AGRI, an OWL-DL ontology that extends SAREF for the Smart Agriculture and Food Chain domain. The intention of SAREF4AGRI is to connect SAREF with existing ontologies (such as W3C SSN, W3C SOSA, GeoSPARQL, etc.) and important standardization initiatives and ontologies in the Smart Agriculture and Food Chain domain, including ICAR for livestock data ([https://www.icar.org/](https://www.icar.org/)), AEF for agricultural equipment ([http://www.aef-online.org](http://www.aef-online.org)), Plant Ontology Consortium for plants ([http://archive.plantontology.org](http://archive.plantontology.org)), AgGateway for IT support for arable farming ([http://www.aggateway.org/](http://www.aggateway.org/)), as mentioned in the associated SAREF4AGRI requirements document ETSI TR 103 511 [[i.2]](#[i.2]).
The present document is a major revision of the SAREF4AGRI ontology extension, developed in the context of the STF 641, using updated reference ontology patterns specified in ETSI TS 103 548 [[2]](#[2]) to solve the harmonization needs identified in ETSI TR 103 781 [[i.5]](#[i.5]), with updated development framework and tools defined in ETSI TS 103 673 [[3]](#[3]).The present document was originally developed in the context of the STF 534, an ETSI specialists task force that was established with the goal to extend SAREF [[1]](#[1]) for the domains of Smart Cities, Smart Industry & Manufacturing, and Smart AgriFood ([https://portal.etsi.org/STF/stfs/STFHomePages/STF534](https://portal.etsi.org/STF/stfs/STFHomePages/STF534)). The intention of SAREF4AGRI is to connect SAREF with existing ontologies (such as W3C SSN, W3C SOSA, GeoSPARQL, etc.) and important standardization initiatives in the Smart Agriculture and Food Chain domain, including ICAR for livestock data ([https://www.icar.org/](https://www.icar.org/)), AEF for agricultural equipment ([http://www.aef-online.org](http://www.aef-online.org)), Plant Ontology Consortium for plants ([http://archive.plantontology.org](http://archive.plantontology.org)), AgGateway for IT support for arable farming ([http://www.aggateway.org/](http://www.aggateway.org/)), as mentioned in the associated SAREF4AGRI requirements document ETSI TR 103 511 [[i.2]](#[i.2]).
To show the potential of SAREF4AGRI, the present document focuses on two examples, which are the "livestock farming" and "smart irrigation" use cases. Various other examples exist in the Smart Agriculture and Food Chain domain, such as arable farming, horticulture, agricultural equipment, greenhouses and food chain, as mentioned in [[i.2]](#[i.2])(for an exhaustive list of use cases, see also the H2020 Large Scale Pilot "Internet of Food and Farm 2020 (IoF2020)" at [https://iof2020.eu/trials](https://iof2020.eu/trials)). However, it was necessary to make actionable choices within the STF 534 timeframe and the available resources, thus livestock farming and smart irrigation have been chosen as the two initial examples to create SAREF4AGRI. As a next step, it is recommended to further refine the proposed livestock farming and smart irrigation examples to add relevant sensors that are not considered yet, and also consider additional use cases to create new releases of SAREF4AGRI, following and extending the examples provided in the present document. As all the SAREF ontologies, SAREF4AGRI is a dynamic semantic model that is meant to evolve over time. Therefore, the stakeholders in the AgriFood domain (starting from the ICAR, AEF and AgGateway initiatives) are invited to use, validate and provide feedback on SAREF4AGRI, collaborating with the SAREF ontology experts to improve and evolve SAREF4AGRI in an iterative and interactive manner, so that changes and additions can be incorporated in future releases of the present document.
