SAREF: the Smart Applications REFerence ontology
The Smart Applications REFerence ontology (SAREF) is intended to enable interoperability between solutions from different providers and among various activity sectors in the Internet of Things (IoT), thus contributing to the development of the global digital market.
Information about changes to version 3.2.1: NOTE: Rationale and decisions for many of the changes in V3.2.1 are available in issues in project https://saref.etsi.org/sources/saref-core/issues. - Definition of saref:FeatureOfInterest is clarified, not only properties are measured, but properties and states can be observed and controlled. - Definition of saref:FeatureOfInterest: Clarify it is a specific real world entity. - Definition of saref:FeatureOfInterest: allValuesFrom axioms are unnecessary and have been deleted. - Introduced class saref:FeatureKind - Use SKOS to organize generic classes in taxonomies. - Introduce hasClassKind for Class is Feature, Device, Property, State, Function, Command. - Add local restrictions on consistsOf on feature of interest - Defined domain of saref:hasManufacturer to union of feature kind and feature of interest. - Defined domain of saref:hasModel to union of feature kind and feature of interest. - Most axioms on saref:Device were useless and have been deleted. - definition of saref:Device clarifies it is a real world entity. - saref:Device is explicitly a subclass of saref:FeatureOfInterest and s4syst:System. - saref:actsUpon now holds not only between a command and a state. It generalizes actsUpon, observes, controls. Domain and range are unions of several classes. - Introduced property saref:isActedUponBy. - Introduced property saref:observes, as sub-property of saref:actsUpon. and generalization of measures. - Introduced property saref:controls, as sub-property of saref:actsUpon. and generalization of saref:controlsProperty. - Introduced property saref:isControlledBy. - saref:measuresProperty is deprecated: will be deleted in the next release of SAREF - saref:isMeasuredByDevice is deprecated: will be deleted in the next release of SAREF - saref:isControlledByDevice is deprecated: will be deleted in the next release of SAREF - saref:controlsProperty is deprecated: will be deleted in the next release of SAREF - Definition of saref:Appliance is grounded on tasks and commodities. - Definition of Sensor is simplified and grounded on saref:observes. Local restriction on saref:hasFunction is deleted. - Definition of Actuator is simplified and grounded on saref:controls. Local restriction on saref:hasFunction is deleted. - Definition of Meter is simplified and grounded on saref:observes. Local restriction on saref:hasFunction is deleted. - Deprecated saref:HVAC for it is only an example. - Deprecated saref:Switch for it is only an example. - Deprecated saref:DoorSwitch for it is only an example. - Deprecated saref:LightSwitch for it is only an example. - Deprecated saref:SmokeSensor for it is only an example. - Deprecated saref:TemperatureSensor for it is only an example. - The following tasks are deprecated, and may be deleted in the next release of SAREF: saref:Cleaning, saref:Comfort, saref:Drying, saref:EnergyEfficiency, saref:Entertainment, saref:Lighting, saref:MeterReading, saref:Safety, saref:Washing, saref:WellBeing. - Definition of saref:Commodity is simplified. - saref:Electricity is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:Commodity in the next release of SAREF - saref:Gas is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:Commodity in the next release of SAREF - saref:Coal is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:Commodity in the next release of SAREF - saref:Water is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:Commodity in the next release of SAREF - New category of commodities saref:EnergyCommodity - New category of commodities saref:NaturalResourceCommodity - Introduced saref:consumes, saref:isConsumedBy, saref:produces, saref:isProducedBy, saref:stores, saref:isStoredBy. - The definition and scope of usage for saref:Property is clarified. Axiomatization is simplified. - applicability of saref:hasProperty is relaxed to also saref:FeatureKind - Introduced saref:PropertyOfInterest to solved the ambiguity between generic vs specific properties. - Introduced saref:hasPropertyOfInterest and saref:isPropertyOfInterestOf. Cannot use saref:hasProperty due to the combination of cardinality restrictions and sub-property chain axioms makes the ontology exist the OWL 2 DL prodile. - Introduced saref:PropertyValue to simplify the association of a measure to a property, without always needing it to be a measurement made by a device. - Clarified definition of saref:hasValue. - Relaxed domain of saref:isMeasuredIn so it can apply to saref:PropertyValue as well as saref:Measurement. The new range will be enforced in the next release of SAREF. - Introduced saref:hasPropertyValue. - Introduced saref:isValueOfProperty. - The following classes are deprecated and may be defined as instances of saref:Property in the next release of SAREF: saref:Energy, saref:Humidity, saref:Light, saref:Motion, saref:Occupancy, saref:Power, saref:Pressure, saref:Price, saref:Smoke, saref:Temperature - saref:EnergyUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next release of SAREF - saref:IlluminanceUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next release of SAREF - saref:PowerUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next release of SAREF - saref:PressureUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next release of SAREF - saref:TemperatureUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next release of SAREF - Clarified and generalized definition of saref:State. Can now apply to all features of interest, not just devices. - Relaxed domain of saref:hasState. - Introduced saref:isStateOf. - Introduced saref:StateOfInterest, parallel to saref:PropertyOfInterest. - Introduced saref:hasStateOfInterest and saref:isStateOfInterestOf, parallel to saref:hasPropertyOfInterest and saref:isPropertyOfInterestOf. - The following classes are deprecated and may be defined as instances of saref:State in the next release of SAREF: saref:CloseState, saref:MultiLevelState, saref:OffState, saref:OnOffState, saref:OnState, saref:OpenCloseState, saref:OpenState, saref:StartState, saref:StartStopState, saref:StopState. - Simplified definition and axiomatization of saref:Function. Added examples. - saref:SensingFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next release of SAREF - saref:hasSensingRange is deprecated together with saref:SensingFunction. And may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next release of SAREF - saref:hasSensingRange is deprecated together with saref:SensingFunction. Use saref:hasDeviceKind instead. - saref:EventFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next release of SAREF - saref:hasThresholdMeasurement is deprecated together with saref:EventFunction. And may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next release of SAREF - saref:MeteringFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next release of SAREF - deprecated saref:hasMeterReading together with saref:Measurement and saref:MeteringFunction - deprecated saref:hasMeterReadingType together with saref:MeteringFunction - saref:LevelControlFunction, saref:StartStopFunction, saref:OpenCloseFunction, saref:OnOffFunction, - saref:ActuatingFunction are deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next release of SAREF. - Domain of saref:hasFunction is relaxed. - Introduced saref:isFunctionOf. - Introduced saref:FunctionOfInterest, parallel to saref:PropertyOfInterest. - Simplified definition and axiomatization of saref:Command. Added examples. - Domain of saref:hasCommand is relaxed to saref:Function or saref:FunctionOfInterest. - Introduced mandatory and optional commands. - Introduced saref:hasInput and saref:hasOutput. - Introduced saref:CommandOfInterest, parallel to saref:PropertyOfInterest. - The following classes are deprecated and may be defined as instances of saref:Command in the next release of SAREF: saref:ToggleCommand, saref:GetCommand, saref:NotifyCommand, saref:GetSensingDataCommand, saref:GetCurrentMeterValueCommand, saref:GetMeterDataCommand, saref:GetMeterHistoryCommand, saref:SetAbsoluteLevelCommand, saref:SetRelativeLevelCommand, saref:SetLevelCommand, saref:StepDownCommand, saref:StepUpCommand, saref:PauseCommand, saref:StartCommand, saref:StopCommand, saref:CloseCommand, saref:OpenCommand, saref:OnCommand, saref:OffCommand. - Simplified definition of saref:Service. Added examples. - Relaxed domain and range of saref:represents. - Clarified definition of saref:offers. - Clarified definition of saref:isOfferedBy. - saref:SwitchOnService is deprecated for it is just an example. It may be deleted in the next release of SAREF - Introduced saref:Operation and associated properties from oneM2M base ontology. - Introduced saref:ProcedureExecution. - Introduce saref:madeBy (resp. saref:madeExecution) as generalization of saref:measurementMadeBy (resp. saref:makesMeasurement). - saref:makesMeasurement is deprecated as one of the properties related to saref:Measurement. It may be deleted in the next release of SAREF - saref:makesMeasurement is deprecated as one of the properties related to saref:Measurement. It may be deleted in the next release of SAREF - Introduced saref:hasResult as part of general will to make SAREF and SOSA/SSN converge. - Introduced saref:hasResultTime as part of general will to make SAREF and SOSA/SSN converge. - Introduced saref:hasPhenomenonTime as part of general will to make SAREF and SOSA/SSN converge. - Tried to clarify definition of saref:hasTimestamp. Still unclear. - Deprecated saref:Measurement in favour of saref:Observation, to generalize to observation of states and convergence with SOSA/SSN. - Deprecated saref:isMeasurementOf together with saref:Measurement. - Deprecated saref:isMeasurementOf together with saref:Measurement. - Deprecated saref:isMeasurementOf together with saref:Measurement. - Deprecated saref:isMeasurementOf together with saref:Measurement. - Class saref:Profile has been re-specified, to take into account findings from SAREF4ENER V1.2.1. - Relaxed domain of saref:hasProfile to saref:FeatureKind or saref:Device - Deprecated saref:hasTime and use OWL Time instead whenever possible. - Deprecated saref:Time and use OWL Time instead whenever possible. - Deprecated saref:hasTypicalConsumption. May be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next release of SAREF.
Information about changes to version 3.1.1: NOTE: In some cases, references have been added to indicate the issue in the ETSI Forge (https://saref.etsi.org/sources/saref-core/issues) where the change was discussed and implemented. - Added the saref:FeatureOfInterest class and the properties used to relate it to saref:Measurement (saref:hasMeasurement and saref:isMeasurementOf) and to saref:Property (saref:hasProperty and saref:isPropertyOf). - Added the saref:measurementMadeBy property as inverse of saref:makesMeasurement. - The saref:relatesToProperty and saref:relatesToMeasurement properties are now inverse of each other. - The range of saref:hasValue, which was defined as xsd:float, has been removed to support other datatypes for measurements. - The range of datatype properties, which was defined as xsd:string, has been removed in order to support strings with language tags (rdf:langString). This affects saref:hasDescription, saref:hasManufacturer, saref:hasModel and saref:hasName, which now have implicitly a range of rdfs:Literal. - The saref:hasName property has been removed and the use of rdfs:label is recommended. - The saref:hasDescription property has been deprecated and the use of rdfs:comment is recommended. - Too restrictive restrictions have been removed and in some cases the ontology documentation has been updated to reflect this: a saref:Command having at most one saref:hasDescription; a saref:Task being accomplished by at least one saref:Device; a saref:Device having a typical consumption of only energy or power; a saref:Commodity being measured in units of measure; restrictions on the values of saref:accomplishes that only covered specific use cases; universal restrictions on the saref:actsUpon property have been changed to existential ones; restrictions on the commands that a saref:Function may have, since there could be others not included in the defined enumerations; restrictive documentation of saref:EventFunction and saref:SmokeSensor. - Bugs have been fixed: some devices (saref:DoorSwitch, saref:EnergyMeter, saref:LigthSwitch, saref:SmokeSensor, and saref:TemperatureSensor) were defined as subclass of a device and at the same time as consisting of such device; a saref:LightSwitch controls light and does not measure light, since it is an actuator; incorrect documentation of saref:OnState and saref:OffState. - The saref:BuildingRelated, saref:EnergyRelated and saref:FunctionRelated classes have been removed, since the different extensions already classify the device types. - The instances of the subclasses of saref:Command have been removed, since they represent examples. - The instances of saref:UnitOfMeasure have been moved to examples. - The classes related to the SAREF4ENER extension have been removed: saref:Generator, saref:Storage, saref:Load and saref:EnergyMeter. - Some instances of saref:Device have been moved to examples: saref:WashingMachine, saref:LightingDevice, saref:MicroRenewable, saref:Multimedia, and saref:Network. - Added domain and range axioms wherever the definition of a property unambiguously identifies the domain or the range of the property. - The OWL Time ontology is not imported anymore. - The documentation of some ontology terms has been updated for clarification. - Language tags have been added to all labels and comments.
Information about changes to version 2.1.1: - The classes and properties related to how to represent devices in building spaces (such as the saref:BuildingSpace class, saref:BuildingObject class and saref:isLocatedIn property) have been removed from SAREF and incorporated into the SAREF4BLDG extension related to buildings, including the reuse of the W3C? WGS84 geo positioning vocabulary. - The saref:DeviceCategory and saref:FunctionCategory classes have been removed. Instead, the hierarchy of device categories has been implemented directly as subclasses of the saref:Device class. - The information specific for energy efficiency has been moved to the SAREF4ENER extension. For example, the saref:Profile class has been redefined to accommodate only the properties that are general enough for any type of profile, not only for energy and power. Details on how to specifically model a power profile can be found in the SAREF4ENER extension. - The subclasses of the saref:Energy class have been removed (i.e., Average Energy, Maximum Energy, Minimum Energy, Total Energy, HVAC Energy, Hot Water Energy and Lighting Energy). - The saref:Property class has been split into two classes (saref:Property and saref:Measurement), as it is done in the SAREF4ENVI extension, in order to properly accommodate the distinction between the concept of property (an observable quality of something) and the concept of measurement (a concrete value observed for a property). - Too restrictive cardinality restrictions have been revised, sometimes making them optional rather than mandatory (better to make properties mandatory in the extensions that specialize SAREF for a specific purpose, rather than restricting SAREF, whose purpose is more general). For example, definitions of units of measurement using an enumeration (owl:oneOf) were too restrictive because they did not allow using other units than those enumerated. Therefore, the individuals of each class are still there, but the owl:oneOf enumeration has been removed. - The saref:UnitOfMeasure subclasses use individuals from the OM ontology for unit of measures, but this is not the only solution. It has been clarified in the comments that the OM ontology is an example, but other ontologies can be used. - The global restrictions (rdfs:domain and rdfs:range) in object properties have been completely removed not to hinder interoperability. Object properties are now only restricted locally in the classes. - The subclasses of saref:Task have been transormed in individuals. - The saref:hasTask property has been removed from the saref:Profile class to resolve an ambiguity with the saref:Task class.
Feature of interest
A feature of interest represents any real world entity from which a property or a state may be acted upon, such as observed and controlled. An instance of saref:FeatureOfInterest represents one specific real world entity.
V3.2.1: Definition of saref:FeatureOfInterest is clarified, not only properties are measured, but properties and states can be observed and controlled.
V3.2.1: Definition of saref:FeatureOfInterest: Clarify it's a specific real world entity.
V3.2.1: Definition of saref:FeatureOfInterest: allValuesFrom axioms are unnecessary and have been deleted.
Feature kinds
Feature kinds allow to describe kinds of features of interest, with common properties having the same value, and common states being the same. An instance of saref:FeatureKind represents an archetype of real world entities, for example to populate product catalogs.
V3.2.1: Introduced class saref:FeatureKind
V3.2.1: Use SKOS to organize generic classes in taxonomies.
V3.2.1: Introduce hasClassKind for Class is Feature, Device, Property, State, Function, Command.
has feature kind
links a feature of interest to its kind, a feature kind
V3.2.1: Add local restrictions on consistsOf on feature of interest
A relationship indicating a composite entity that consists of other entities (e.g., a temperature/humidity sensor that consists of a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor)
consists of
has description
DEPRECATED: The use of rdfs:comment is recommended instead.
A relationship providing a description of an entity (e.g., device). The value is expected to be a string or a string with language tag.
has manufacturer
A relationship identifying the manufacturer of an entity (e.g., device). The value is expected to be a string or a string with language tag.
V3.2.1: Defined domain of saref:hasManufacturer to union of feature kind and feature of interest.
has model
A relationship identifying the model of an entity (e.g., device). The value is expected to be a string or a string with language tag.
V3.2.1: Defined domain of saref:hasModel to union of feature kind and feature of interest.
A tangible object designed to accomplish a particular task. In order to accomplish this task, the device performs one or more functions. An instance of saref:Device represents one specific real world entity.
For example, a washing machine is designed to wash (task) and to accomplish this task it performs a start and stop function.
Examples of devices are a light switch, a temperature sensor, an energy meter, a water flow meter, and a laundry dryer. A laundry dryer is designed to dry laundry, and to accomplish this task it has a start/stop function.
V3.2.1: Most axioms on saref:Device were useless and have been deleted.
V3.2.1: definition of saref:Device clarifies it's a real world entity.
Device
V3.2.1: saref:Device is explicitly a subclass of saref:FeatureOfInterest and s4syst:System.
has device kind
Links a device to its kind, a feature kind. Kinds of devices describe models of devices, with common properties having the same value, common states being the same, common functions, and common services.
acts upon
Links a device, function, command, or procedure execution, to the feature, property, or state, it acts upon.
V3.2.1: saref:actsUpon now holds not only between a command and a state. It generalizes actsUpon, observes, controls. Domain and range are unions of several classes.
is acted upon by
Links a feature, property, or state, to the device, function, command, or procedure execution, that acts on it.
V3.2.1: Introduced property saref:isActedUponBy.
observes
Links a device, function, command, or procedure execution, to the feature, property, or state, it observes.
V3.2.1: Introduced property saref:observes, as sub-property of saref:actsUpon. and generalization of measures.
is observed by
Links a feature, property, or state, to the device, function, command, or procedure execution, that observes it.
controls
Links a device, function, command, or procedure execution, to the feature, property, or state, it controls.
V3.2.1: Introduced property saref:controls, as sub-property of saref:actsUpon. and generalization of saref:controlsProperty.
is controlled by
Links a feature, property, or state, to the device, function, command, or procedure execution, that controls it.
V3.2.1: Introduced property saref:isControlledBy.
V3.2.1: saref:measuresProperty is deprecated: will be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
A relationship specifying the property that can be measured by a certain device
measures property
V3.2.1: saref:isMeasuredByDevice is deprecated: will be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
A relationship specifying the devices that can measure a certain property
is measured by device
V3.2.1: saref:isControlledByDevice is deprecated: will be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
A relationship specifying the devices that can control a certain property
is controlled by device
V3.2.1: saref:controlsProperty is deprecated: will be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
A relationship specifying the property that can be controlled by a certain device
controls property
A device designed to accomplish a particular task for occupant use. It consumes, produces, or stores, some commodity.
Appliance
V3.2.1: Definition of saref:Appliance is grounded on tasks and commodities.
A device designed to observe one or more properties or states of one or more features of interest.
Sensor
V3.2.1: Definition of Sensor is simplified and grounded on saref:observes. Local restriction on saref:hasFunction is deleted.
A device designed to control one or more properties or states of one or more features of interest.
Actuator
V3.2.1: Definition of Actuator is simplified and grounded on saref:controls. Local restriction on saref:hasFunction is deleted.
A device designed to observe and measure one or more properties of one or more features of interest.
Meter
V3.2.1: Definition of Meter is simplified and grounded on saref:observes. Local restriction on saref:hasFunction is deleted.
Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) device that provides indoor environmental comfort. A saref:HVAC is typically used to accomplish saref:Comfort.
HVAC
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:HVAC for it's only an example.
A device of category saref:Actuator that performs an actuating function of type saref:OnOffFunction or saref:OpenCloseFunction
Switch
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:Switch for it's only an example.
A switch that performs the saref:OpenCloseFunction, is used for controlling a door, and can be found in the state saref:OpenCloseState. A saref:DoorSwitch is typically used to accomplish saref:Safety.
Door switch
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:DoorSwitch for it's only an example.
A switch that performs the saref:OnOffFunction, controls the property saref:Light, and can be found in the state saref:OnOffState. It can offer a switch on service. A saref:LightSwitch is typically used to accomplish saref:Lighting.
Light switch
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:LightSwitch for it's only an example.
A sensor that performs the saref:SensingFunction and the saref:EventFunction, and is used for the purpose of sensing a property of type saref:Smoke. A saref:SmokeSensor is typically used to saref:accomplish saref:Safety.
Smoke sensor
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:SmokeSensor for it's only an example.
A sensor that is used for the purpose of sensing a property of type saref:Temperature. A saref:TemperatureSensor is typically used to saref:accomplish saref:Comfort.
Temperature sensor
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:TemperatureSensor for it's only an example.
Task
The goal for which a device is designed, from a user perspective.
For example, a washing machine is designed for the task of washing.
Tasks can be accomplished by devices (saref:isAccomplishedBy).
V3.2.1: saref:Cleaning is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
A type of task for which a device is designed
Cleaning
V3.2.1: saref:Comfort is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
Comfort
V3.2.1: saref:Drying is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
Drying
V3.2.1: saref:EnergyEfficiency is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
EnergyEfficiency
V3.2.1: saref:Entertainment is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
Entertainment
V3.2.1: saref:Lighting is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
Lighting
V3.2.1: saref:MeterReading is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
Meter reading
V3.2.1: saref:Safety is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
Safety
V3.2.1: saref:Washing is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
Washing
V3.2.1: saref:WellBeing is deprecated: may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
WellBeing
accomplishes
Links a certain entity (e.g., a device) to the task it accomplishes.
is accomplished by
A relationship identifying an entity (e.g., a device) that can accomplish a task.
A marketable item which may be supplied without qualitative differentiation.
SAREF refers to energy commodities such as electricity, gas, coal and oil.
V3.2.1: Definition of saref:Commodity is simplified.
Commodity
V3.2.1: saref:Electricity is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:Commodity in the next major revision of SAREF
A type of energy commodity
Electricity
V3.2.1: saref:Gas is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:Commodity in the next major revision of SAREF
Gas
V3.2.1: saref:Coal is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:Commodity in the next major revision of SAREF
A type of commodity
Coal
V3.2.1: saref:Water is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:Commodity in the next major revision of SAREF
Water
Energy Commodity
The class of energy commodities
V3.2.1: New category of commodities saref:EnergyCommodity
Natural Resource Commodity
The class of natural resource commodities
V3.2.1: New category of commodities saref:NaturalResourceCommodity
V3.2.1: saref:isUsedFor is deprecated for its name is not clear. For example if a device consumes electricity, it doesn't mean this is what it is used for.
Links a feature kind, feature of interest, or device, to the commodity it is used for
is used for
consumes
Links a feature kind, feature of interest, or device, to the commodity it consumes
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:consumes, saref:isConsumedBy, saref:produces, saref:isProducedBy, saref:stores, saref:isStoredBy.
is consumed by
Links a commodity to the feature kind, feature of interest, or device, that consumes it
produces
Links a feature kind, feature of interest, or device, to the commodity it produces
is produced by
Links a commodity to the feature kind, feature of interest, or device, that produces it
stores
Links a feature kind, feature of interest, or device, to the commodity it stores
is stored by
Links a commodity to the feature kind, feature of interest, or device, that stores it
Property
Identifiable qualities of features of interest that can be acted upon by devices, such as observed or controlled. A property can apply to different features of interest.
Until SAREF V3.1.1, there was an ambiguity between whether properties should be specific or generic to features of interest. This ambiguity has been solved in SAREF V3.2.1, and the new modeling will be enforced in the next major revision of SAREF.
Concepts from existing code lists, vocabularies, and taxonomies, may be used as instances of saref:Property.
Air temperature, pressure, luminance, etc. are all properties.
Two examples using the QUDT Quantity Kind vocabulary, and the British Oceanographic Data Centre Parameter Usage Vocabulary. <https://qudt.org/2.1/vocab/quantitykind/ActiveEnergy> a saref:Property ; rdfs:label "Active Energy"@en ; rdfs:comment ""Active Energy" is the electrical energy transformable into some other form of energy."@en . <http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/CDTSZZ01/> a saref:Property ; skos:prefLabel "Absolute temperature standard deviation of the atmosphere by dry bulb thermometer"@en .
V3.2.1: The definition and scope of usage for saref:Property is clarified. Axiomatization is simplified.
has property
Links a feature kind or a feature of interest to one of its properties.
V3.2.1: applicability of saref:hasProperty is relaxed to also saref:FeatureKind
is property of
Links a property to the feature kind or feature of interest it is a property of.
Property of Interest
Identifiable qualities of features of interest that can be acted upon by devices, such as observed or controlled. An instance of saref:PropertyOfInterest is specific to a feature of interest. It is inherent to and cannot exist without that feature of interest.
A property of interest is the property of (OP saref:isPropertyOfInterestOf) exactly one feature of interest.
Per convention, the IRI of properties of interest should consist of the IRI of their feature of interest, suffixed with a fragment identifier #{P} where {P} refers to the name of the property.
The air temperature of the atmosphere sample at a certain location and altitude, the received signal strength indicator of an wireless IoT connection, the luminance of the ETSI ATHENA amphitheatre. <etsi_premises/athena#luminance> a saref:PropertyOfInterest ; saref:isPropertyOfInterestOf <etsi_premises/athena> ; saref:hasPropertyKind saref:Luminance ; rdfs:comment "The luminance of amphitheatre ATHENA"@en .
Properties of interest need not always be explicited. It depends on the use case. Typically, properties of interest are useful in applications, where the association between a feature of interest and a property (i.e., the property of interest) needs to be identified and related to other properties of interest.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:PropertyOfInterest to solved the ambiguity between generic vs specific properties.
Links a feature of interest to one of its properties of interest.
has property of interest
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:hasPropertyOfInterest and saref:isPropertyOfInterestOf. Cannot use saref:hasProperty due to the combination of cardinality restrictions and sub-property chain axioms makes the ontology exist the OWL 2 DL prodile.
Links a property of interest to the feature of interest it is a property of.
is property of interest of
has property kind
links a property of interest to its kind, a property.
Property Value
Describes the value for a property. The property value is linked to its value expressed as an RDF literal (DP saref:hasValue), optionally to the unit of measurement (OP saref:isMeasuredIn), and optionally to the properties or properties of interest it is a value of (OP saref:isValueOfProperty).
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:PropertyValue to simplify the association of a measure to a property, without always needing it to be a measurement made by a device.
Value of a property value expressed as an RDF literal. Note that, even if decimal values are expected, values could use other datatypes.
has value
V3.2.1: Clarified definition of saref:hasValue.
A relationship identifying the unit of measure used for a certain entity.
is measured in
V3.2.1: Relaxed domain of saref:isMeasuredIn so it can apply to saref:PropertyValue as well as saref:Measurement. The new range will be enforced in the next major revision of SAREF.
The unit of measure is a standard for measurement of a quantity, such as a Property.
Unit of measure
For example, consumption power is a property and Watt is a unit of power that represents a definite predetermined power: when we say 10 Watt, we actually mean 10 times the definite predetermined power "Watt".
Our definition is based on the definition of unit of measure in the Ontology of units of Measure (OM).
Concepts from existing code lists, vocabularies, and taxonomies, may be used as instances of saref:UnitOfMeasure. For example the QUDT Unit vocabulary
has property value
Links a feature kind, a feature of interest, or a property of interest, to a property value.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:hasPropertyValue.
is value of property
Links a property value to the property or property of interest it is a value of.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:isValueOfProperty.
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value measured in an energy unit (such as Kilowatt_Hour or Watt_hour). Furter specializations of the saref:Energy class can be found in the SAREF4ENER extension, where classes such as EnergyMax, EnergyMin and EnergyExpected are defined.
Energy
V3.2.1: saref:Energy is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value that is measured in a humidity unit
Humidity
V3.2.1: saref:Humidity is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value that is measured in a illuminance unit (lux)
Light
V3.2.1: saref:Light is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value that is measured in a unit of measure for motion
Motion
V3.2.1: saref:Motion is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value (saref:hasValue property) that is measured in a unit of measure for occupancy
Occupancy
V3.2.1: saref:Occupancy is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value that is measured in a power unit (such as watt or kilowatt). Further specializations of the saref:Power class can be found in the SAREF4ENER extension, where classes such as PowerMax, PowerMin and PowerExpected are defined.
Power
V3.2.1: saref:Power is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value that is measured in a pressure unit (bar or pascal)
Pressure
V3.2.1: saref:Pressure is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A saref:Property crelated to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value that is measured using saref:Currency
Price
V3.2.1: saref:Price is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value that is measured in a unit of measure for smoke
Smoke
V3.2.1: saref:Smoke is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value that is measured in a temperature unit (degree_Celsius, degree_Fahrenheit, or degree_kelvin)
Temperature
V3.2.1: saref:Temperature is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
The unit of measure for energy
Energy unit
V3.2.1: saref:EnergyUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
The unit of measure for light
Illuminance unit
V3.2.1: saref:IlluminanceUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
The unit of measure for power
Power unit
V3.2.1: saref:PowerUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
The unit of measure for pressure
Pressure unit
V3.2.1: saref:PressureUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
The unit of measure for temperature
Temperature unit
V3.2.1: saref:TemperatureUnit is deprecated. Will be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
State
Identifiable conditions that features of interest are or may be in, and that can be acted upon by devices, such as observed and controlled. A state can apply to different features of interest.
A switch can be found in the saref:OnOffState, which is further specialized in saref:OnState and saref:OffState.
SAREF is not restricted to binary states such as the saref:OnOffState, but allows to define also n-ary states (see, for example, the saref:MultiLevelState class).
Concepts from existing code lists, vocabularies, and taxonomies, may be used as instances of saref:State.
V3.2.1: Clarified and generalized definition of saref:State. Can now apply to all features of interest, not just devices.
has state
Links a feature kind or a feature of interest to one of its states.
V3.2.1: Relaxed domain of saref:hasState.
is state of
Links a state to the feature kind or feature of interest it is a state of.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:isStateOf.
State of Interest
Identifiable conditions that features of interest are or may be in, and that can be acted upon by devices, such as observed and controlled. An instance of saref:StateOfInterest is specific to a feature of interest. It is inherent to and cannot exist without that feature of interest.
A state of interest is the state of (OP saref:isStateOfInterestOf) exactly one feature of interest.
Per convention, the IRI of states of interest should consist of the IRI of their feature of interest, suffixed with a fragment identifier #{S} where {S} refers to the name of the state.
States of interest need not always be explicited. It depends on the use case. Typically, states of interest are useful in applications, where the association between a feature of interest and a state (i.e., the state of interest) needs to be identified and related to other states of interest.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:StateOfInterest, parallel to saref:PropertyOfInterest.
Links a feature of interest to one of its states of interest.
has state of interest
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:hasStateOfInterest and saref:isStateOfInterestOf, parallel to saref:hasPropertyOfInterest and saref:isPropertyOfInterestOf.
Links a state of interest to the feature of interest it is a state of.
is state of interest of
has state kind
links a state of interest to its kind, a state
V3.2.1: saref:CloseState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
The state of a device that is CLOSE
Close state
V3.2.1: saref:MultiLevelState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
A type of state
Multi level state
V3.2.1: saref:OffState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
The state of a device that is Off
Off state
V3.2.1: saref:OnOffState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
On off state
V3.2.1: saref:OnState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
The state of a device that is On
On state
V3.2.1: saref:OpenCloseState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
Open close state
V3.2.1: saref:OpenState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
The state of a device that is OPEN
Open state
V3.2.1: saref:StartState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
The state of a device that is STARTED
Start state
V3.2.1: saref:StartStopState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
Start stop state
V3.2.1: saref:StopState is deprecated: will be defined as an instance of saref:State in the next major revision of SAREF
The state of a device that is STOPPED
Stop state
Function
Logical groups of commands that devices support to accomplish their tasks. Function can act upon (OP saref:actsUpon and its sub-properties) features, properties, or states. An instance of saref:Function can apply to different devices.
To accomplish the task of controlling the light, a smart light switch may have a function for turning on and off the light, and another to set the luminosity of the light.
To accomplish the task of sensing the temperature, a temperature sensor should have a sensing function.
To accomplish the task of washing clothes, a washing machine should have a function for washing.
V3.2.1: Simplified definition and axiomatization of saref:Function. Added examples.
V3.2.1: saref:SensingFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next major revision of SAREF
A function that allows to transmit data from sensors, such as measurement values (e.g., temperature) or sensing data (e.g., occupancy)
Sensing function
A relationship between a sensing function and a measurement identifying the range of a sensor detection
has sensing range
V3.2.1: saref:hasSensingRange is deprecated together with saref:SensingFunction. And may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A relationship identifying the sensing type of a sensor detection (i.e., Temperature, Occupancy, Humidity, Motion , Smoke, Pressure, etc.)
has sensor type
V3.2.1: saref:hasSensingRange is deprecated together with saref:SensingFunction. Use saref:hasDeviceKind instead.
A function that allows to notify about some relevant activity; e.g., that a certain threshold value has been exceeded or that some object has moved.
Event function
V3.2.1: saref:EventFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next major revision of SAREF
A relationship associated with an event function to notify that a certain threshold measurement has been exceeded
has threshold measurement
V3.2.1: saref:hasThresholdMeasurement is deprecated together with saref:EventFunction. And may be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF
A function that allows to get data from a meter, such as current meter reading or instantaneous demand
Metering function
V3.2.1: saref:MeteringFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next major revision of SAREF
A relationship between a metering function and the measurement of the reading
has meter reading
V3.2.1: deprecated saref:hasMeterReading together with saref:Measurement and saref:MeteringFunction
A relationship identifying the reading type of a metering function (e.g., Water, Gas, Pressure , Energy , Power, etc.)
has meter reading type
V3.2.1: deprecated saref:hasMeterReadingType together with saref:MeteringFunction
An actuating function that allows to do level adjustments of a property in a certain range (e.g., 0%-100%), such as dimming a light in a room or setting the speed of an electric motor.
Level control function
V3.2.1: saref:LevelControlFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next major revision of SAREF
An actuating function that allows to start and stop a device
Start stop function
V3.2.1: saref:StartStopFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next major revision of SAREF
An actuating function that allows to open and close a device
Open close function
V3.2.1: saref:OpenCloseFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next major revision of SAREF
An actuating function that allows to switch on and off an actuator
On off function
V3.2.1: saref:OnOffFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next major revision of SAREF
A function that allows to transmit data to actuators, such as level settings (e.g., temperature) or binary switching (e.g., open/close, on/off)
Actuating function
V3.2.1: saref:ActuatingFunction is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Function in the next major revision of SAREF
has function
Links a feature kind or a device to one of its functions.
V3.2.1: Domain of saref:hasFunction is relaxed.
is function of
Links a function to the feature kind or device it is a function of.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:isFunctionOf.
Function of Interest
Logical groups of commands that devices support to accomplish their tasks. Function can act upon (OP saref:actsUpon and its sub-properties) features, properties, or states. An instance of saref:FunctionOfInterest is supported by exactly one device.
A function of interest is the function of (OP saref:isFunctionOfInterestOf) exactly one device.
Functions of interest need not always be explicited. It depends on the use case. Typically, functions of interest are useful to specify which command is actually exposed, and which actual property of interest or state of interest it acts upon.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:FunctionOfInterest, parallel to saref:PropertyOfInterest.
Links a device to one of its functions of interest.
has function of interest
Links a function of interest to the device it is a function of.
is function of interest of
has function kind
links a function of interest to its kind, a function
Command
The lowest-level directives a function exposes to some network. Commands can act upon (OP saref:actsUpon and its sub-properties) features, properties, or states. An instance of saref:Command is independent of any device.
Observe property, control property, observe state, control state, invoke action, cancel action, turn on or off, change color, subscribe, publish, etc. are all commands.
V3.2.1: Simplified definition and axiomatization of saref:Command. Added examples.
has command
Links a function or function of interest and the command it supports.
V3.2.1: Domain of saref:hasCommand is relaxed to saref:Function or saref:FunctionOfInterest.
is command of
Links a command and a function or function of interest that supports it.
has mandatory command
Links a function and one of its mandatory commands
V3.2.1: Introduced mandatory and optional commands.
has optional command
Links a function and one of its optional commands
has input
Links a command, operation, or procedure execution, to its inputs.
Different complementary commands can be defined for controlling a light. Turn on or off the light based on a desired state, toggle the light status of a specific light, set the luminosity level with a transition time, set the default transition time, start comfort.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:hasInput and saref:hasOutput.
has output
Links a command or operation to its outputs.
Different complementary commands can be defined for observing a smart home. Observe the temperature once will output the indoor temperature property; observe status of the entry door will output an open/close state.
Command Of Interest
The lowest-level directives a device supports and exposes to some network. Commands can act upon (OP saref:actsUpon and its sub-properties) features, properties, or states. A saref:CommandOfInterest is a directives actually supported by a device and exposed to some network.
Like for commands, commands of interest may be described in terms of their input parameters, outputs, and of which properties or states they act upon.
Commands of interest need not always be explicited. It depends on the use case. Typically, commands of interest are useful to specify the actual property of interest or state of interest that is expected as input parameter, output, or that will be acted upon.
The corridor smart light switch supports a command of kind “turn on/off”, which controls the state of the outdoor light.
The smart fridge supports a command of kind “observe temperature”, which observes the temperature of the fridge.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:CommandOfInterest, parallel to saref:PropertyOfInterest.
Links a function of interest to one of its commands of interest.
has command of interest
Links a command of interest to the function of interest it is a command of.
is command of interest of
has command kind
links a command of interest to its kind, a command.
A type of command
Toggle command
V3.2.1: saref:ToggleCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Get command
V3.2.1: saref:GetCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Notify command
V3.2.1: saref:NotifyCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
A type of get command
Get sensing data command
V3.2.1: saref:GetSensingDataCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Get current meter value command
V3.2.1: saref:GetCurrentMeterValueCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Get meter data command
V3.2.1: saref:GetMeterDataCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Get meter history command
V3.2.1: saref:GetMeterHistoryCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
A type of set level command
Set absolute level command
V3.2.1: saref:SetAbsoluteLevelCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Set relative level command
V3.2.1: saref:SetRelativeLevelCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Set level command
V3.2.1: saref:SetLevelCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Step down command
V3.2.1: saref:StepDownCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Step up command
V3.2.1: saref:StepUpCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Pause command
V3.2.1: saref:PauseCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Start command
V3.2.1: saref:StartCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Stop command
V3.2.1: saref:StopCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Close command
V3.2.1: saref:CloseCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Open command
V3.2.1: saref:OpenCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
On command
V3.2.1: saref:OnCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Off command
V3.2.1: saref:OffCommand is deprecated: may be defined as an instance of saref:Command in the next major revision of SAREF
Service
A saref:Service is a digital representation of a function in a network, making it discoverable, registerable and remotely controllable in the network.
Typically, a device connected to a given network offers one service for each of its functions of interest.
For example, a light switch can offer the service of remotely switching the lights in a home through mobile phone devices that are connected to the local network (ex:SwitchOnService class). This "remote switching" service represents the ex:OnOffFunction.
V3.2.1: Simplified definition of saref:Service. Added examples.
represents
Links a service to some function or function of interest it exposes to the network. Also links an operation to some command or command of interest it exposes to the network.
V3.2.1: Relaxed domain and range of saref:represents.
offers
Links a device to a service it exposes to a network.
V3.2.1: Clarified definition of saref:offers.
is offered by
Links a service to the device that exposes it to a network
V3.2.1: Clarified definition of saref:isOfferedBy.
A type of service that represents an on/off function to the network
Switch on service
V3.2.1: saref:SwitchOnService is deprecated for it is just an example. It may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
Operation
A saref:Operation is the means of a service to communicate in a procedure-type manner over the network (i.e. transmit data to/from other devices). It is the –machine interpretable– exposure of a –human understandable– command to a network.
Typically, a device connected to a given network offers one service for each of its functions of interest, and each service has one operation per command of interest of the function of interest it represents.
An operation may be described in terms of its inputs and outputs using OP saref:hasInput and saref:hasOutput. Inputs and outputs of operations typically describe the expected schema or shape of network messages.
To turn on a light, send a CoAP PUT request with CBOR content 0xf5 (true)
In the set of operations exposed by a smart light bulb on a given network, one may be dedicated to turn on and off the light and expect a boolean as input. Another one may be dedicated to set the luminosity status and expect a target luminosity level (a byte) and a transition time (encoded on two bytes).
In the set of operations exposed by a smart washing machine on a given network, one may be dedicated to set the water temperature for the washing cycle, and expected as input a enumerated value. Another one may be dedicated to start, pause, or stop the washing cycle.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:Operation and associated properties from oneM2M base ontology.
has operation
Links a service to one of its operations.
is operation of
Links an operation to the service it belongs to.
Procedure Execution
Represents the act of carrying out a procedure.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:ProcedureExecution.
made by
Links a procedure execution to the entity (e.g., device) that made it.
V3.2.1: Introduce saref:madeBy (resp. saref:madeExecution) as generalization of saref:measurementMadeBy (resp. saref:makesMeasurement).
made execution
Links an entity (e.g., device) to the procedure execution it made.
A relation between a device and the measurements it makes. Such measurement will link together the value of the measurement, its unit of measure and the property to which it relates.
makes measurement
V3.2.1: saref:makesMeasurement is deprecated as one of the properties related to saref:Measurement. It may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF
A relation between a measurement and the device that made it.
measurement made by
has result
Links a procedure execution (e.g., an observation) to its result (e.g., a property value).
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:hasResult as part of general will to make SAREF and SOSA/SSN converge.
has result time
Links a procedure execution to the instant of time when the activity was completed, expressed as an xsd:dateTime literal.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:hasResultTime as part of general will to make SAREF and SOSA/SSN converge.
has phenomenon time
Links a procedure execution to the time that the result applies. It may be an interval or an instant, or some other compound temporal entity expressed using OWL Time.
V3.2.1: Introduced saref:hasPhenomenonTime as part of general will to make SAREF and SOSA/SSN converge.
has timestamp
Links a procedure execution or a profile to an instant.
When the execution time and the phenomenon time are the same time instants, then DP saref:hasTimestamp can be used to simply link a procedure execution to the time of these instants, expressed as an xsd:dateTime literal.
Applied on a profile, it describes the applicable instant of that profile
V3.2.1: Tried to clarify definition of saref:hasTimestamp. Still unclear.
Command Execution
Describes the execution of a command. Typically, its inputs and outputs are human understandable and relate to some feature of interest, such as its state (e.g., s4abcd:On), or the value of its temperature (e.g., property value 21.0 °C).
Operation Execution
Describes the execution of an operation in a network: the–machine interpretable– description of a communication between devices over the network. Typically, its input and result are network messages, that conform to the input and output of the executed operation.
is execution of
Links a command execution to the command or command of interest that was executed. Also liks an operation execution to the operation that was executed
Observation
A saref:Observation is the act of carrying out a procedure to estimate or calculate a value of a property of a feature of interest, or a state of a feature of interest. It links to a sensor to describe what made the observation, and to the observed feature, property, property of interest, state, or state of interest. Typically, its result is a property value or a state. An observation of a state (OP saref:observes) should have a state as a result (OP saref:hasResult). Respectively, an observation of a property should have a property value as a result.
Actuation
A saref:Actuation is the act of carrying out a procedure to control the state of the world using an actuator. It links to an actuator to describe what made the actuation, and to the controlled feature, property, property of interest, state, or state of interest. Typically, its input is a property value or a state. An actuation of a state (OP saref:controls) should have a state as input (OP saref:hasInput). Respectively, an actuation of a property should have a property value as input.
Represents the measured value made over a property. It is also linked to the unit of measure in which the value is expressed and the timestamp of the measurement.
Measurement
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:Measurement in favour of saref:Observation, to generalize to observation of states and convergence with SOSA/SSN.
A relationship between a feature of interest and a measurement about it
has measurement
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:hasMeasurement together with saref:Measurement.
A relationship between a measurement and the feature of interest whose quality was measured
isMeasurementOf
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:isMeasurementOf together with saref:Measurement.
A relationship between a measurement and the property it relates to
relates to property
A relationship between a property and the measurements it relates to
relates to measurement
Profile
A saref:Profile describes the money earned (negative values) or paied (positive values) for the use (production or consumption) of a commodity by a device in a certain context.
OP saref:hasProfile links a device to its profile. The device should be linked to a certain commodity using OP saref:isUsedFor or its sub-properties, and optionally to some property or state using OP saref:actsUpon or its sub-properties.
The applicable context of a profile can be bound temporally using DP saref:hasTimestamp or its subproperties defined by SAREF extensions, or OP saref:hasApplicableTime which links to instant or interval or other compound temporal entity expressed using OWL Time.
The applicable context can be restricted to when the property of a feature of interest has some value (OPs saref:whenPropertyValue)
The applicable context can be restricted to when a feature of interest has a certain state (OPs saref:whenState).
OP saref:hasPrice links a profile to the money earned (negative values) or paid (positive values) for the use (production or consumption) of the commodity by the device.
V3.2.1: Class saref:Profile has been re-specified, to take into account findings from SAREF4ENER V1.2.1.
has profile
Links a device to its profile. Its inverse is saref:isProfileOf. The device should be linked to a certain commodity using OP saref:isUsedFor or its sub-properties, and optionally to some property or state using OP saref:actsUpon or its sub-properties.
V3.2.1: Relaxed domain of saref:hasProfile to saref:FeatureKind or saref:Device
is profile of
Links a profile to the device it describes. The device should be linked to a certain commodity using OP saref:isUsedFor or its sub-properties, and optionally to some property or state using OP saref:actsUpon or its sub-properties.
has applicable time
Links an entity (e.g., a profile) to an instant or interval or other compound temporal entity expressed using OWL Time, which bounds temporally the applicable context of that entity.
when property value
Links a profile to a property value that contributes to restricting its applicable context.
when state
Links a profile to a state that contributes to restricting its applicable context.
has price
Links a profile to the money earned (negative values) or paid (positive values) for the use (production or consumption) of the commodity by the device
saref:hasPrice is deprecated in v3.2.1, and may be deleted in the next major revision of SAREF. Use saref:profileHasPrice instead.
A relationship indentifying the price associated to an entity
Class saref:Price is deprecated in v3.2.1. In the next major revision of SAREF, it may be defined as an instance of saref:Property.
A saref:Property related to some measurements that are characterized by a certain value that is measured using saref:Currency
Class saref:Currency is deprecated in v3.2.1 and may deleted in the next major revision of SAREF. Existing code lists and taxonomies can be reused instead.
The class of units of measure for price
Currency
A relationship to associate time information to an entity
has time
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:hasTime and use OWL Time instead whenever possible.
A class that allows to specify the time concept.
Time
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:Time and use OWL Time instead whenever possible.
A relationship identifying the typical (energy or power) consumption of a device
has typical consumption
V3.2.1: Deprecated saref:hasTypicalConsumption. May be defined as an instance of saref:Property in the next major revision of SAREF.
Property saref:isAbout is too vague and has been deprecated in v3.2.1.
A relationship identifying what an entity, such as a profile, is about
isAbout
has identifier
Links some entity to its identifier. Extensions of SAREF may define sub-properties such as s4abcd:hasUUID, s4abcd:hasGTIN12, etc.